A light-emitting diode (LED) is an electronic light source. LEDs are used as indicator lamps in many kinds of electronics and increasingly for lighting. LEDs work by the effect of electroluminescence, discovered by accident in 1907. The LED was introduced as a practical electronic component in 1962. All early devices emitted low-intensity red light, but modern LEDs are available across the visible, ultraviolet and infra red wavelengths, with very high brightness.
LEDs are based on the semiconductor diode. When the diode is forward biased (switched on), electrons are able to recombine with holes and energy is released in the form of light. This effect is called electroluminescence and the color of the light is determined by the energy gap of the semiconductor. The LED is usually small in area (less than 1 mm2) with integrated optical components to shape its radiation pattern and assist in reflection.
LEDs present many advantages over traditional light sources including lower energy consumption, longer lifetime, improved robustness, smaller size and faster switching.
Applications of LEDs are diverse. They are used as low-energy indicators but also for replacements for traditional light sources in general lighting, automotive lighting and traffic signals. The compact size of LEDs has allowed new text and video displays and sensors to be developed, while their high switching rates are useful in communications technology.
• no hazardous materials like mercury and lead.
• safe to use and dispose
• no IR or UV in beam output
• WEEE, RoHS and EuP compliant
Energy Efficient
• produce more light per watt than incandescent and fluorescent bulbs
• an 80 watt LED lamp can easily replace the brightness of a 250 watt metal halide lamp
• converts 70% of power to light
• emits minimal heat; reduces cost of air
conditioning
Extremely Long Life
• more than 50,000 hours
• eliminates costly periodic replacements and maintenance
Durable
• solid state lighting has no moving parts
• resistant to thermal and vibration shocks
• dim over time; no abrupt burn-outs
Permanent Savings
• energy efficient = 5 times more efficient than
metal halide and halogen
• maintain their illumination up to 70% its lifetime
• low DC voltage operations
• direct light output for increased system
efficiency
• lower overall total cost of ownership
Flexible application and Illumination Control
• wide range of usage for indoor or outdoor applications
• light up instantly; suitable for frequent on-off cycling
• small form factor for improved design flexibility
• digital control with 100% dimming capability
• vivid saturated colors without filters
• dynamic color control
• wide range of operating temperature-40 to 85°C
• stylish and slim appearance
Seamless transition
• fits in to existing light fixtures
• retrofitable
People Friendly
• no flicker; no glare
• gentle on the eyes
• can be used in heat-sensitive areas, near
people, and tight spaces where conventional lighting can be dangerous and potentially
damaging
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While LEDs may be more expensive than incandescent lights up front, because they're built around advanced semiconductor material, their lower cost in the long run can make them a better buy.
The main drivers for conversion to LEDs are higher efficiency, long life, reduced maintenance, and increased and superior visibility, making LEDs a more cost-effective lighting option for wide range of situations.
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| Offices | Banks |
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| Hotel | Boutique |
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| Street Lights | Supermarket |
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| Warehouse | Basketball Court |
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| LED Display Outdoor | LED Display Indoor |
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